The dB is a dimensionless unit used to express the ratio between two power levels ((P_1)and (P_2)) or voltage levels ((V_1) and (V_2)). It is used to quantify gain (amplification) or loss (attenuation).
Convenience: Signal chain calculations become additive. If a source has a 10 dB gain and then passes through a 3 dB cable loss, the net change is simply (10 - 3 = 7 dB).
Power Ratio (Gain/Loss):